Gamen3/Assets/Scripts/EndlessTerrain.cs

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.VisualScripting;

public class EndlessTerrain : MonoBehaviour
{
    const float scale = 5f;

    const float viewerMoveThreshHoldForChunkUpdate = 25f;
    const float sqrViewerMoveThreshHoldForChunkUpdate = viewerMoveThreshHoldForChunkUpdate * viewerMoveThreshHoldForChunkUpdate;

    public LODInfo[] detailLevels;
    public static float maxViewDst;

    public Transform viewer;
    public Material mapMaterial;

    public static Vector2 viewerPosition;
    Vector2 viewerPositionOld;
    static MapGenerator mapGenerator;
    int chunkSize;
    int chunksVisibleInViewDst;

    Dictionary<Vector2, TerrainChunk> terrainChunkDictionnary = new Dictionary<Vector2, TerrainChunk>();
    static List<TerrainChunk> terrainChunksVisibleLastUpdate = new List<TerrainChunk>();

    private void Start()
    {
        mapGenerator = FindFirstObjectByType<MapGenerator>();

        maxViewDst = detailLevels[detailLevels.Length-1].visibleDstThreshold;
        chunkSize = MapGenerator.mapChunkSize - 1;
        chunksVisibleInViewDst = Mathf.RoundToInt(maxViewDst / chunkSize);

        UpdateVisibleChunks();
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        viewerPosition = new Vector2(viewer.position.x, viewer.position.z) / scale;

        if ((viewerPositionOld - viewerPosition).sqrMagnitude > sqrViewerMoveThreshHoldForChunkUpdate)
        {
            viewerPositionOld = viewerPosition;
            UpdateVisibleChunks();
        }
    }

    void UpdateVisibleChunks()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < terrainChunksVisibleLastUpdate.Count; i++)
        {
            terrainChunksVisibleLastUpdate[i].SetVisible(false);
        }
        terrainChunksVisibleLastUpdate.Clear();

        int currentChunkCoordX = Mathf.RoundToInt(viewerPosition.x /  chunkSize);
        int currentChunkCoordY = Mathf.RoundToInt(viewerPosition.y /  chunkSize);

        for (int yOffset = -chunksVisibleInViewDst; yOffset <=chunksVisibleInViewDst; yOffset++)
        {
            for (int xOffset = -chunksVisibleInViewDst; xOffset <= chunksVisibleInViewDst; xOffset++)
            {
                Vector2 viewedChunkCoord = new(currentChunkCoordX + xOffset, currentChunkCoordY + yOffset);

                if (terrainChunkDictionnary.ContainsKey(viewedChunkCoord))
                {
                    terrainChunkDictionnary[viewedChunkCoord].UpdateTerrainChunk();
                }
                else
                {
                    terrainChunkDictionnary.Add(viewedChunkCoord, new TerrainChunk(viewedChunkCoord, chunkSize, detailLevels, transform, mapMaterial));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class TerrainChunk
    {
        GameObject meshObject;
        Vector2 position;
        Bounds bounds;

        MeshRenderer meshRenderer;
        MeshFilter meshFilter;

        LODInfo[] detailLevels;
        LODMesh[] lodMeshes;

        MapData mapData; 
        bool mapDataReceived;
        int previousLODIndex = -1;

        public TerrainChunk(Vector2 coord, int size, LODInfo[] detailLevels, Transform parent, Material material)
        {
            this.detailLevels = detailLevels;

            position = coord * size;
            bounds = new Bounds(position, Vector2.one * size);
            Vector3 positionV3 = new(position.x, 0, position.y);

            meshObject = new GameObject("TerrainChunk");
            meshRenderer = meshObject.AddComponent<MeshRenderer>();
            meshFilter = meshObject.AddComponent<MeshFilter>();
            meshRenderer.material = material;

            meshObject.transform.position = positionV3 * scale;
            meshObject.transform.parent = parent;
            meshObject.transform.localScale = Vector3.one * scale;
            SetVisible(false);

            lodMeshes = new LODMesh[detailLevels.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < detailLevels.Length; i++) 
            {
                lodMeshes[i] = new LODMesh(detailLevels[i].lod, UpdateTerrainChunk);
            }

            mapGenerator.RequestMapData(position, OnMapDataReceived);
        }

        void OnMapDataReceived(MapData mapData)
        {
            this.mapData = mapData;
            mapDataReceived = true;

            Texture2D texture = TextureGenerator.TextureFromColourMap(mapData.colourMap, MapGenerator.mapChunkSize, MapGenerator.mapChunkSize);
            meshRenderer.material.mainTexture = texture;

            UpdateTerrainChunk();
        }

        public void UpdateTerrainChunk()
        {
            if (mapDataReceived)
            {
                float viewDstFromNearestEdge = Mathf.Sqrt(bounds.SqrDistance(viewerPosition));
                bool visible = viewDstFromNearestEdge <= maxViewDst;

                if (visible)
                {
                    int lodIndex = 0;

                    for (int i = 0; i < detailLevels.Length - 1; i++)
                    {
                        if (viewDstFromNearestEdge > detailLevels[i].visibleDstThreshold)
                        {
                            lodIndex = i + 1;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (lodIndex != previousLODIndex)
                    {
                        LODMesh lodMesh = lodMeshes[lodIndex];
                        if (lodMesh.hasMesh)
                        {
                            previousLODIndex = lodIndex;
                            meshFilter.mesh = lodMesh.mesh;
                        }
                        else if (!lodMesh.hasRequestedMesh)
                        {
                            lodMesh.RequestMesh(mapData);
                        }
                    }

                    terrainChunksVisibleLastUpdate.Add(this);
                }

                SetVisible(visible);
            }
        }

        public void SetVisible(bool visible)
        {
            meshObject.SetActive(visible);
        }

        public bool IsVisible()
        {
            return meshObject.activeSelf;
        }
    }

    class LODMesh
    {
        public Mesh mesh;
        public bool hasRequestedMesh;
        public bool hasMesh;
        int lod;
        System.Action updateCallback;

        public LODMesh(int lod, System.Action updateCallback)
        {
            this.lod = lod;
            this.updateCallback = updateCallback;
        }

        void OnMeshDataReceived(MeshData meshData)
        {
            mesh = meshData.CreateMesh();
            hasMesh = true;

            updateCallback();
        }

        public void RequestMesh(MapData mapData)
        {
            hasRequestedMesh = true;
            mapGenerator.RequestMeshData(mapData, lod, OnMeshDataReceived);
        }
    }

    [System.Serializable]
    public struct LODInfo
    {
        public int lod;
        public float visibleDstThreshold;
    }
}